Fluctuating Fertility Essay examples - 2563 Words

1. (25%) Below are census data showing labor force participation of women in the U.S., overall and by age group, from the Censuses of 1950 to 2010. Participation Rate (percent) 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Female Total (16+) 33.9 37.7 43.3 51.5 57.5 59.9 58.6 20 to 24 years 46.0 46.1 75.5 68.9 71.3 73.1 68.3 25 to 34 years 34.0 36.0 45.0 65.5 73.5 76.1 74.7 35 to 44 years 39.1 43.4 51.1 65.5 76.4 77.2 75.2 45 to 54 years 37.9 49.8 54.4 59.9 71.2 76.8 75.7 55 to 64 years 27.0 37.2 43.0 41.3 45.2 51.9 60.2 65 years and over 40.8 27.1 19.8 8.1 8.6 9.4 13.8 Graph two sets of labor force participation profiles for women aged 20-64, where age group is on the†¦show more content†¦2. (10%) Claudia Goldin, in her paper on â€Å"The Quiet Revolution That Transformed Women’s Employment, Education, and Family,† emphasizes the importance of women’s expanded horizons. She notes that â€Å"By expanded horizons, I mean that women more accurately anticipated their future work lives.† I also discussed in class evidence pertaining to both the accuracy and the levels of women’s work expectations between the late 1960s and the late 1970s/early-mid 1980s. Given the changing work expectations that Goldin and I discussed, what does human capital theory suggest should be the likely consequences for women’s education, occupations, on-the-job training, and earnings? Do data on these variables support the implications of human capital theory? As women increase their attachment to the job, they are expected to be work more in the labor market. The human capital perspective focus this on three aspects which all correlated to the continuity of participation of women in labor market. First, women who experience a discontinuous working period due to child may result less working experience, this would cause them to have less training on the job and therefore give them a lower earning. Second, if women leave the labor market periodically, it would result a depreciation of human capital, which means women who come back to the laborShow MoreRelatedThesis, Term Paper, Essay, Research Paper21993 Words   |  88 Pagespregnancy despite the intervention strategies that have been put in place. In 1990 approximately 530,000 teenagers in the United States became pregnant, 51% of whom gave birth (Coley Chase-Lansdale, 1998). Available literature suggests that fertility rates in developing countries have declined in the past two decades (Dickson, 2002; Caldwell Caldwell, 2002). It is argued that due to changing socio-political circumstances, women have reassessed the timing of childbirth and the role of motherhoodRead MoreSurrogacy : Traditional And Gestational Surrogacy2000 Words   |  8 Pagesinterview that she believes that surrogacy is the equivalent of â€Å"baby buy and trading† (Rustin 2015). She expanded on the idea by informing listeners that in countries such as India, Thailand, Nepal, Russia and Mexico, the surrogacy industry was fluctuating because of the amount of poor and uneducated women stationed there. Women in these countries were more likely to agree because of their need for money and wealthy people had no problem paying them to go through this process. With this, the countryRead MoreEconomic Factors That Affect Population Growth1676 Words   |  7 Pagesdraw this essay to a conclusion, summing the discussion within. A nation can experience a series of fluctuations in its total population. According to Barker et al. (2008), the DTM is composed of five stages (the high fluctuating, early expanding, late expanding, and low fluctuating and decline stage). The DTM model explains how birth and death rate changes over time; these changes are entirely dependent upon economic development. For instance, death rates drop rapidly as a country begins to developRead MoreDemographic Winter and Its Effects on the Society Essay3005 Words   |  13 Pagespopulation decline in birth rates. The term nuclear winter, popularized in the 1980s, alluded to the catastrophic environmental impact of a nuclear war. The long-term consequences of demographic winter could be equally devastating (Feder). The Total Fertility Rate, the expected number of children born per woman in her child-bearing years of 2.1, is said to be the point of equilibrium in which a country’s population is neither growing nor decreasing. Essentially, a woman must replace herself and a manRead MoreThe Need for Family Planning 1641 Words   |  7 PagesPopulation control, as a concept, can be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome when Aristotle claimed that a fluctuating population would cause poverty. Greek city-states, wanting to neither grow nor decline in population, practiced forms of fertility inhibition and infanticide with the hopes of keeping the population stable to a certain number of persons to prevent this catastrophe. Rome, on the other hand, under rule of Augustus, enacted laws that punished both celibacy and adultery while rewardingRead MoreFoods That Make Your Boobs Bigger Naturally Essay746 Words   |  3 PagesBigger, firmer and fuller boobs are often associated with other things like attractiveness and fertility in a woman. That is why many women want to increase the size of their boobs. However, surgery may not be affordable for all women and padded bras do not really offer a long-term solution†¦ So how to make your boobs bigger naturally? is there no other way to increase the size of your boobs? Well, the quick answer to that is yes. You will be surprised to learn that eating some foods regularly canRead MoreAdolescence Is The Most Important Stages Of Human Development1282 Words   |  6 Pagesadolescence is crucial because it physically forms the child into an adult. When the child goes through puberty they are metaphorically and literally leaving their childhood behind. Puberty is the stage where children experience growth spurts, fertility, and sexual maturation. This change generally occurs between the ages of 9 to 13 and 11 to 15 for females and males respectively (ReCAPP 2007). When the body is maturing from child to adult, physical features and internal (hormones) features areRead MoreFacial Symmetry and Physical Attractiveness877 Words   |  4 Pagesmale faces were used to demonstrate that symmetric faces possess characteristics that are attractive independent of symmetry. A meta analysis by Moller and Thornhill (1998) supported the prediction that mating success of males is affected by fluctuating asymmetry and the females success in this respect was not related to asymmetry but their sample size focuses on the need to conduct more studies focusing on the females. Kowner (1996a) found out in his research that symmetrical faces with neutralRead MoreCocoa Production in West Africa1588 Words   |  7 Pagesshould be no longer than three months. Annual rainfall greater than 2,500 mm may result in a higher incidence of fungal diseases. Irrigation is rarely used. Cocoa beans are grown on a wide range of soil types but mainly soils with moderate to high fertility are favoured since fertiliser inputs are low. The main requirements are: *1.5 m depth of free draining soil *good moisture holding capacity *pH range from 4.5 to 7.0 preferably close to 6.5 How cocoa is produced The end resultRead MoreProblems That China Is Facing Following One Child Policy Essay2176 Words   |  9 PagesChina’s both fertility rate and birth rate were found decreasing year by year. However, alongside the declining fertility rate, new problems emerge, especially the increased share of the aged population relative to the total population. The briefing paper was organized from four standpoints. The first part showed a broad picture of the changing dynamics of the population growth rate in China from 1979 to 2014. The second part demonstrated changes in both crude birth rate and fertility rate and explored

Graduation Speech High School Diploma - 831 Words

their high school diploma. When P-TECH initially started, it included on grade 9 and added a grade every year until it became a complete high school. The focus of P-TECH is to provide students with college level work in high school so they can earn their Associate degree at City Tech in what are called the grade 13 and 14. In personal interview with Mr. Brian Donnelly, the Deputy Director of Early College Initiative at CUNY, he described that in students who are part of P-TECH experience grades 13 and 14, which entails that they are still a high school student because they have some high school requirements left and also have not completed the CUNY proficiencies. However, students are still taking college courses and therefore can complete up to an Associate’s degree in CUNY. Currently, the grade 14 has not been added to the P-TECH schools, but this will added within the next upcoming year. In addition to earning their high school diploma and Associate degree, students part of the P-TECH schools gain work experience in industry. P-TECH has partnered with several corporations such as IBM and Montefiore Medical Center to provide students with internships, training opportunities, and one-on-one mentorships. Since the P-TECH initiative is relatively new, no actual results have been documented. Mr.Donnelly mentioned that P-TECH has interim results which describes that some students will be graduating in the upcoming Spring 2016 semester. P-TECH will consider the officialShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : High School Diploma920 Words   |  4 PagesDay after day I had always regretted not finishing school. Every day that went by Reminded me how much I needed to complete my education. I would remember applying to jobs and always seeing that dreaded sentence saying â€Å"must have High school diploma or equivalent’’. The memory of those days still feel as if it was just yesterday that I was without education. Growing up I never realized how muc h I would need education in my life. Education is needed to overall make a decent living in order to surviveRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Diplomas1106 Words   |  5 Pagesstatewide were denied standard high school diplomas and given special education diplomas† (page 74). New teachers should care about this frightening statistics, if this happened to Latricia that means that there were more students that encountered the same issue. Additionally, new teachers need to understand how the different high school diplomas can affect the students as adults. â€Å"Students without diplomas earn much less than those in the workforce who have diplomas, and they are less likely to maintainRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Diploma891 Words   |  4 Pages Due to a lack of decent jobs, half of all college graduates are still relying on their parents financially when they are two years out of school. In the US the bottom 40 percent of income earners in the United States now collectively own less than 1 percent of the nation’s wealth, and College tuition has risen 10 times faster than the median family income. These are just a few issues that my generation, and more to come will face. My dream requires fair access to jobs and educational opportunitiesRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Diploma1393 Words   |  6 PagesIn the years of 2012-2013, Oklahoma s percent of students graduating with a high school diploma was 84.8%. In 2012-2013, the graduation rate was at one of the highest points it has ever been at. It is crazy to think that over 1.2 million students drop out every year just in the United States. That is a student ever 26 seconds or you could think of it like 7,000 students a day. A student that gets a high scho ol diploma but does not go to college is going to be doing better than students that dropRead MoreGraduation Speech : A Rite Of Passage1527 Words   |  7 PagesFor many adolescent individuals in America, graduation is considered a rite of passage. Often, Americans couple graduation with a celebration of opening a new chapter of their life. Specifically, transitioning from a high school student to a graduate. In this essay I will explain what a rite of passage is and what graduation is. Also, I will discuss how graduation is approached as a rite of passage in my culture, and what celebration in regards to graduation looks like and means to many. Almost allRead MoreHigh School Graduation Speech : Family, And Seven Years Ago1593 Words   |  7 Pagescertain situations, but families don’t always get along. We are humans that make mistakes, but we forgive and love each other no matter what. Over the past seven years, I realized how important they are to me, especially during the time of my high school graduation. Since being a part of Wilton, I’ve noticed that there’s a difference between being a church â€Å"member† and being a part of a church â€Å"family.† Church â€Å"members† are people who walk in, attend the church service, and walk out without truly knowingRead MoreAn Example of a Graduation Speech653 Words   |  3 Pagescourse taking countless exams, it is that time that we all anticipate†¦Graduation! Purpose Statement: Since the majority of us are seniors, and graduation is a little less than a month away, I am going to provide you with some historical background information and some fun facts about graduation in order to make the occasion even more meaningful than it already is. Road Map: Most of you could probably agree that high school was quite the experience with several ups and downs along the way. NoRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Graduation Essay1022 Words   |  5 Pages My Graduation A Graduation ceremony is one of the major steps in life, it marks the start of new changes in our lives. It ushers us into growing up and be responsible for our actions. It marks a new dawn of embracing life experiences, cultivation of good work ethics and eventually culminates in chasing our dreams. On my graduation day, I woke up to the sweet aroma of the breakfast my sister was making. I sat down to eat when the food was ready. It took me about 2 hours to finishRead MorePersuasive Speech: Why You Should Go to College?1010 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿PERSUASIVE SPEECH 4 Persuasive speech: Why you should go to college Attention Student debt is at an all-time high. Many college students and recent graduates may find themselves asking: whats the point? Why go to college if there is no guarantee of a great job, but you are almost certainly guaranteed to graduate with high levels of debt? But take a careful look at the statistics. While the unemployment rate for recent four year college graduates is 6.8%, the unemployment rate for recent high schoolRead More Graduation Speech Essay examples885 Words   |  4 PagesTo the County High School Class of 2012: As you sit in front of me, I know what most of you are thinking at the moment. There are those who are already pondering about what life without high school will be like; those who are debating whether or not to tell your crush tonight about your whispers of adoration you’ve secretly held for four years; some simply want to get out of that ungodly chair, get that thing that isn’t really a diploma but only tells you when to pick up the thing, and then be the

International Mobility of Australian University Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the International Mobility of Australian University Students. Answer: Introduction The mainstay of the services export from Australia happens to be the international education exports which are the third largest earners of foreign exchange after commodities like iron ore and coal. In the recent times, Australia has been increasingly chosen by the global students as a favored choice for pursuing higher education abroad. Thus, it becomes necessary to study the trends witnessed in this sector over the last few years so that any perceived bottlenecks either on a national or regional basis can be well understood and the revenues generated can be further increased. In the above background, the given essay aims to demonstrate the use of host of statistical tools which have been deployed in the given article to increase the information value and relevance for the reader. Discussion The data summarized in the article chosen has been sources from ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics). It is apparent that all the variables defined have numerical values coupled with a precise and clear definition of zero and corresponding point thus imply the at the data belongs to the ratio type (Flick, 2015). For summarizing the given data, a host of graphical illustrations have been utilized coupled with use of various techniques available under the aegis of descriptive statistics. The exports from Australia has been sub-divided on a regional basis which provided information about the current exports and then based on the regional potential suitable measures to augment the same may be taken. Further, the recipients of these exports have been also clearly identified and presented which is a useful data to estimate future numbers (Hair et. al., 2015). A high utility exists for this information as the same may be used both by the government along with universities in order to promo te the educational services further to the correct audience i.e. students who would be interested and also offer solutions to enable them to avail these services. Further, the policy initiatives taken previously by the government and the universities can be suitably modified using the actual comparison and deviation from estimated numbers (Hillier, 2006). The article uses descriptive statistics as the prime focus of the article is to describe the various aspects of the population also and develop a time series comparison so as to put the current numbers into perspective for the users to understand the underlying trends. Also, various graphs are aiding in summarizing the aspects of the population (Hastie, Tibshirani. Friedman, 2011). Besides, the graphical and tabular representation also allow for universities to take dedicated measures for increasing the overall exports of education services. There is no scope for inferential statistics use as the focus is solely on describing the characteristics of the population data and thus no inferences need to be drawn from any samples (Hillier, 2006). The given article does not employ any measure of central tendency but also extensively used variation techniques. One of the critical ones in this regard is the computation of yearly variation in the shares of not only the various importers of international education services but also in the total dollar amount of exports of educational services (Flick, 2015). Through the variation analysis, the relative trend in the growth rate of the various importing countries has been recorded which enables to identify the nations which have an increasing or decreasing share. The government and universities need to analyze the potential issues faced by nations whose share is declining so as to provide a boost to the education exports. A potential improvement in the given article pertains to representation of previous year figures for the regional breakup of the education exports which will allow making comparison of the regional performance and taking requisite measures (Eriksson and Kovalainen, 2015). Summary The importance of the international education exports in the Australian context is well established in the given article. The trend analysis in terms of education exports on a periodic basis enables derivation of maximum revenues from this particular aspect. The source of data is ABS while the data type is ratio. The statistics to be used is descriptive statistics since the objective is to summarize the population characteristics by employing graphical illustrations along with extensive usage of variation so as to derive key trends which can then be used for decision making by the critical stakeholders especially the government and university. Also, the reader can understand the regional breakup of international education services being offered currently and if in this regard previous year estimates were also offered, then the same could have been used for evaluating the performance of the various regions using variation as the enabler. References Eriksson, P. and Kovalainen, A. (2015).Quantitative methods in business research, 3rd ed., London: Sage Publications. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project, 4th ed., New York: Sage Publications. Hair, J. F., Wolfinbarger, M., Money, A. H., Samouel, P., and Page, M. J. (2015).Essentials of business research methods, 2nd ed., New York: Routledge. Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R. and Friedman, J. (2011).The Elements of Statistical Learning, 4th ed., New York: Springer Publications. Hillier, F. (2006), Introduction to Operations Research, 6th ed., New York: McGraw Hill Publications.

Information Technology Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

Question: Discuss about theInformation Technologyfor Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. Answer: Introduction Artificial intelligence and Robotics have had a common root and a relative long history of interaction and scientific discussion. The birth of the Artificial Intelligence and the Robotics took into the effect in around 50s which was initially there was no clear distinction between the two disciplines. The notion on the subjects has been intelligent machines has naturally lead to robots and the Robotics (Cohen Feigenbaum, 2014). One could therefore argue that not every machine is a robot and certainly that the Artificial intelligence has been concerned with the aspect of virtual agent. Currently, we are have been witnessing a revival of the interest in the fertile domain of the machine that are embodied intelligence, that has been as a result of the dissemination to more techniques from the areas that are more accessible to robot platform having presence of advanced sensory motor capabilities. In the 70s, there has been separation between these two fields with Robotics becoming more f ocused to the industrial automation and Artificial Intelligence using the robots to demonstrate on how the machines could act in everyday environments. Over the years, there has been difficulties that have been exhibited in the design of the robotics systems that are capable of acting in the unconstrained environments, which lead the researchers to dismiss Robotics as the preferred test bed for the AI (Cohen Feigenbaum, 2014). However, this trend changed in 90s when the robots had become to emerge in the Artificial laboratories and the Robotics was addressed in the less controlled environments. To summarize on the Artificial Intelligent and Robotics it has been difficult to establish the problem to be addressed as to whether building intelligent robots has been identified through research community, and whether the development of the robots has been in view that prototypical case of the AI system. The research proposal will seek to address the research problem especially the major scientific issues in the field and the connections and the relationships with some of the other topics that are addressed in the collection with other disciplines. The Aim of the Research The purpose of the research is to address where the artificial intelligence does and robotics are the future of the machines and the relationship and connections it has over other disciplines. The machine are the future will not be differentiated between man and machines; this will be explored in the research proposal. The research aims to address on the scientific issues of robotics and Artificial intelligence through arranging them into basic issues in the robot design such as perception and action. Research Questions The key research questions for the research proposal are the following: To find out the scientific issues that are related to Artificial Intelligence and Robotics? What are the impact of AI and Robotics for the near future and the effects to the humans? To distinguish the negative impacts of the AI and Robotics to the people? To identify the relationship and connections that exists between AI and Robotics to other disciplines? Description of the Research Proposal There has been various problems that has been associated in the AI and robotics research, one challenge that has faced the scientific has understood how the artificial intelligence robots could reach the conclusions in the first place. Many researcher have identified that the neural network essentially comes under the inscrutability of observation, and they are put the information, which usually goes to them, the issue that is facing them is how does certain decisions goes unexplained. According to proposal by Shanabans highlights that we should take the symbolic description of the GOFAI and combine them with the deep learning, this would provide the system with a starting point for understanding the world. Factors that affect theResearch and Ethical Considerations The research aims to focus on writing about the Artificial Intelligence and Robotics especially on the future creation of the machines that have intellectual capabilities. It is therefore, important to consider how the artificial intelligence is enhancing the human life (Frankish Ramsey, 2014). The research need to explore on the current use of the Artificial intelligence technologies in various designs. The ethical and the legal issues relates to the validity off the information in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. Some of the considerations are the possible future of the creations of the robots with the general intellectual capabilities outstand those of the humans that are distinct from ethical problems that arises in the current automation as well as the information systems (Frankish Ramsey, 2014). The codes and the policies that will be outlined in the research will be entirely be based on the honesty, respect for the intellectual property, confidentiality and the non-disc rimination. It would be prudent to consider also the confidentiality and anonymity of the persons that will be involved in the survey of the research. Methodology of the Research The chapter will focus on the research design, the population, the technique that will be used for sampling in the study, the data collection instruments and the data collection techniques and procedure (Tirgul Naik, 2014). The literature review will be based on the empirical research of the past research by the well known researcher in the field of computer science. The sampling method for the research will be random sampling to give the population an equal number of chances in order to carry out a survey. There will be analysis of the primary and the secondary sources of the information to give a broad perspective of research information of different scholars in the field. Expected Outcomes The field of the artificial intelligence provides the machine the ability to think analytically, trough use off the various concepts. There has been tremendous contribution to the various areas of the artificial Intelligence techniques over the past years (Tirgul Naik, 2014). The machine learning approaches have been applied to many problems that are arising in the design of the robots. Both the action and perception are being supported in the learning approaches. References Cohen, P. R., Feigenbaum, E. A. (Eds.). (2014). The handbook of artificial intelligence (Vol. 3). Butterworth-Heinemann. Frankish, K., Ramsey, W. M. (Eds.). (2014). The Cambridge handbook of artificial intelligence. Cambridge University Press. Michalski, R. S., Carbonell, J. G., Mitchell, T. M. (Eds.). (2013). Machine learning: An artificial intelligence approach. Springer Science Business Media. Tirgul, C. S., Naik, M. R. (2014). Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.